动词辨析 情态动词 非谓语动词 词组 短语

中考英语 单项选择 相关讲解

几组近义动词和动词词组辨析

1．几个“花费”：spend, take, pay, cost. （1）spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spend … on sth / （in） doing sth，

例如：I spent 15 yuan on this new book.

（2）take常用于 "It takes sb. some time to do sth" 句型中，例如： It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. （3）pay常与for连用，表“付给……款”。例如： I paid 15 Yuan for this new book.

（4）cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”，例如：

This new book cost me 15 Yuan. 2．几个“看”：look, see, watch, read, find

（1）look 看，表动作，look at。例如：Please don’t look out of the window. （2）see 看见，表结果；也可说看电影“see a film”。例如：

His father saw him sitting on some eggs. （3）watch 观看比赛、演出、电视等。 （4）read读书看报等文字材料。例如：My father is reading newspaper now. 3．几个与“看”有关的词或词组：look for, find, find out, look after, take care of,

look over, look forward to,

（1）look for 寻找，表过程；find发现，找到，表结果；find out 找出，查明。例如：

I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldn’t find it anywhere.

（2）look after, take care of 均表示“照看，照顾”。 （3）look over 检查身体等。

（4）look forward to盼望……，期待……。例如： I am looking forward to your letter.

She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in Dalian.

4．几个“说”：say, speak, talk, tell

（1）say接说话的内容，作及物动词。say sth to sb. 对某人说某事。例如：

Did you say goodbye to your granny?

（2）speak常指能说某种语言，打电话时常用它表示说话，也有“演讲”的意思，不强调说话的内容。例如：

We can speak Chinese and English. May I speak to Henry?

He will speak at the meeting tonight.

（3）talk多是不及物动词，指交谈、谈论；做名词时有演讲、报告之意。例如：

They are talking about their friends now.

I will talk to your father about your health next time. Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.

（4）tell的意思是“告诉某人……；讲述……；吩咐某人做……”。多为及物动词，后面多接两个宾语。例如：

I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow. Granny often tells me funny stories.

The policeman told us not to play football in the street again.